17th-century mathematicians

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 140. Chapters: René Descartes, Isaac Newton, Gottfried Leibniz, Blaise Pascal, Johannes Kepler, Abraham de Moivre, John Napier, Christiaan Huygens, Christopher Wren, Jacob Bernoulli, Georg Mohr, Isaac Barrow, Alexander Anderson, Marin Mersenne, Thomas Fincke, François d'Aguilon, Frans van Schooten, Robert Fludd, Bernardino Baldi, Johann Bernoulli, Edward Wright, Robert Hues, Nicolas Faccio, John Wallis, Thomas Harriot, Johan de Witt, Pierre de Fermat, Seki Takakazu, Xu Guangqi, William Whiston, William Oughtred, Thomas Blundeville, James Gregory, Jeremiah Horrocks, John Pell, Giovanni Alfonso Borelli, Joseph Sauveur, Evangelista Torricelli, Thomas Bartholin, Guillaume de l'Hôpital, Jonas Moore, Henry Briggs, Jost Bürgi, Thomas Lydiat, Ismaël Bullialdus, Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus, Edmund Gunter, Willebrord Snellius, Edward Brerewood, Kambei Mori, Johann Faulhaber, Giordano Vitale, Takebe Kenko, Michael Maestlin, Gilles de Roberval, Giovanni Antonio Magini, Walter Warner, Pierre Hérigone, Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri, Dirck Rembrantsz van Nierop, Yoshida Mitsuyoshi, Bernard Lamy, Francesco Maria Grimaldi, Herwart von Hohenburg, John Craig, Marin Getaldic, Jacopo Riccati, Nathaniel Torporley, Grégoire de Saint-Vincent, Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac, Nathanael Carpenter, Pierre Varignon, Abraham Sharp, Gasparo Berti, William Bedwell, Johannes Hudde, Jacques de Billy, Guðbrandur Þorláksson, Gérard Desargues, Albert Girard, Robert Anderson, François Walther de Sluze, Paul Guldin, Ludolph van Ceulen, Peter Turner, Alphonse Antonio de Sarasa, André Tacquet, Ralph Greatorex, John Kersey the elder, Raphael Levi Hannover, Nicholas Mercator, Hugh Sempill, Adam Adamandy Kochanski, Bernard Frénicle de Bessy, Adriaan van Roomen, Théodore Moret, Pietro Cataldi, Jagannatha Samrat, John Babington, Pierre Bardin, Florimond de Beaune, Richard Balam, Richard Balum, Kamalakara, Alessandro Marchetti, Denis Henrion, Munishvara. Excerpt: Sir Isaac Newton PRS (4 January 1643 - 31 March 1727 ) was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian. His monograph Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, published in 1687, lays the foundations for most of classical mechanics. In this work, Newton described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion, which dominated the scientific view of the physical universe for the next three centuries. Newton showed that the motions of objects on Earth and of celestial bodies are governed by the same set of natural laws, by demonstrating the consistency between Kepler's laws of planetary motion and his theory of gravitation, thus removing the last doubts about heliocentrism and advancing the Scientific Revolution. The Principia is generally considered to be one of the most important scientific books ever written. Newton built the first practical reflecting telescope and developed a theory of colour based on the observation that a prism decomposes white light into the many colours that form the visible spectrum. He also formulated an empirical law of cooling and studied the speed of sound. In mathematics, Newton shares the credit with Gottfried Leibniz for the development of differential and integral calculus. He also demonstrated the generalised binomial theorem, developed Newton's method for approximating the roots of a function, and contributed to the study of power series. Newton was also highly religious. He was an unorthodox Christ...