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Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 108. Chapters: Zhang Heng, Shen Kuo, Ferdinand Blumentritt, Bernardino de Sahagún, Richard T. Antoun, Calum Maclean, Ronald Takaki, Leonid P. Potapov, Adolpho Ducke, Nathan Hare, Nikolai Girenko, Moshe Shalit, Chokan Valikhanov,... Viac o knihe

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Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 108. Chapters: Zhang Heng, Shen Kuo, Ferdinand Blumentritt, Bernardino de Sahagún, Richard T. Antoun, Calum Maclean, Ronald Takaki, Leonid P. Potapov, Adolpho Ducke, Nathan Hare, Nikolai Girenko, Moshe Shalit, Chokan Valikhanov, Galina Starovoytova, Elizabeth Warnock Fernea, Emilie Demant Hatt, Brian J. McVeigh, Bradford Keeney, Rebecca Grinter, Florence Hawley, Agnès Humbert, John Traphagan, Clark Wissler, Charles Armstrong, Victor Turner, John Neihardt, Ruth Landes, Derek Freeman, Alfred Métraux, Emile Clement, Natalia Polosmak, Francisco J. Santamaría, Marcos E. Becerra, Karl Edvard Laman, Nikolai Aristov, I. H. N. Evans, Henri Lhote, John Bollons, J.P.B. de Josselin de Jong, France Winddance Twine, Khozh-Akhmed Bersanov, Eric Mjöberg, Jeyhun Hajibeyov, José Leite de Vasconcelos, Alexander Afanasyev, Christoph von Fürer-Haimendorf, Michel Leiris, Natalie Curtis, Frances Densmore, Lyubomir Miletich, Dwight Conquergood, Audrey Richards, Manuel Bartlett Bautista, Henri H. Stahl, Andrei Ivanovich Bogdanov, E. Adamson Hoebel, Zalpa Bersanova, Geoff Wisner, Anthony D. Smith, Sally Larsen, Felix Philipp Kanitz, Arnold van Gennep, Homer Barnett, João de Pina-Cabral, Primo Feliciano Velázquez, Andrey V. Anokhin, Sergey Oldenburg, Apolo Kagwa, Bengt Danielsson, Julian A. Pitt-Rivers, Mary Frere, George Windsor Earl, John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt, Theodore C. Bestor, Ivan Meshchaninov, Edward Winslow Gifford, Robert Hartmann, George Amos Dorsey, Henry E. O'Neill, Manuel Magri, Gyula Ortutay, Anton Willem Nieuwenhuis, Nigel Barley, James Hornell, Sergei Rudenko, Friedrich Salomon Krauss, Constance Goddard DuBois, Ami Boué, Saul Abramzon, Miguel Vale de Almeida, Qurban-¿Ali Khalidi, Robert Henry Codrington, John Stanislaw Kubary, François-Edmond Fortier, Chuner Taksami, Boris Vildé, Nina Gagen-Torn, Otto Stoll, Alla Ter-Sarkisiants, Joseph Melville See, William Brice, Urban Jarnik, Sidney Robertson Cowell, Martha Warren Beckwith, Carlos Samayoa Chinchilla, Éva Pócs, Jolan Babus, Ida Halpern, Annemarie Mol, Victoria Wyatt, Svend Grundtvig, Elliot Liebow, Luc Lacourcière. Excerpt: Shen Kuo or Shen Gua (Chinese: ; pinyin: Shen Kuò; Wade-Giles: Shen K'uo) (1031-1095), style name Cunzhong (¿¿) and pseudonym Mengqi (now usually given as Mengxi) Weng (¿¿¿), was a polymathic Chinese scientist and statesman of the Song Dynasty (960-1279). Excelling in many fields of study and statecraft, he was a mathematician, astronomer, meteorologist, geologist, zoologist, botanist, pharmacologist, agronomist, archaeologist, ethnographer, cartographer, encyclopedist, general, diplomat, hydraulic engineer, inventor, academy chancellor, finance minister, governmental state inspector, poet, and musician. He was the head official for the Bureau of Astronomy in the Song court, as well as an Assistant Minister of Imperial Hospitality. At court his political allegiance was to the Reformist faction known as the New Policies Group, headed by Chancellor Wang Anshi (1021-1086). In his Dream Pool Essays (; Mengxi Bitan) of 1088, Shen was the first to describe the magnetic needle compass, which would be used for navigation (first described in Europe by Alexander Neckam in 1187). Shen discovered the concept of true north in terms of magnetic declination towards the north pole, with experimentation of suspended magnetic needles and "the improved meridian determined by Shen's measurement of the distance between the polestar and true north". This was the decisi...

  • Vydavateľstvo: Books LLC, Reference Series
  • Formát: Paperback
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  • ISBN: 9781156463642

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