Herpes

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 58. Chapters: Herpesviruses, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex, Herpes zoster, Herpes simplex virus, Epidemiology of herpes simplex, Chickenpox, Herpesviridae, HHV Infected Cell Polypeptide 0, HCMV, Human herpesvirus 7, Epstein-Barr virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, Bovine malignant catarrhal fever, Neonatal herpes simplex, Herpes gladiatorum, Congenital cytomegalovirus infection, HHV Latency Associated Transcript, Feline viral rhinotracheitis, Herpes genitalis, Pseudorabies, HHV capsid portal protein, Herpes B virus, Marek's disease, Canine herpesvirus, CAPRISA 004, Herpesviral encephalitis, Varicella zoster virus, HSUR, Human herpesvirus 6, Murid herpesvirus 68, Alcelaphine herpesvirus 2, Equine herpesvirus 1, Herpetic whitlow, Rhadinovirus, Herpetic keratoconjunctivitis, Rhesus lymphocryptovirus, Haliotid herpesvirus 1, Mardivirus, Gallid herpesvirus 1, Malacoherpesviridae, Bovine herpesvirus 1, Varicellovirus, Equine herpesvirus 3, Herpes simplex virus protein vmw65, Chimpanzee lymphocryptovirus, Bovine herpesvirus 2, Duck plague, Murid herpesvirus 4, Equine herpesvirus 4, Herpesviral meningitis, Herpesvirus gorilla, Betaherpesvirinae, Baboon lymphocryptovirus, Equine herpesvirus 2, Orangutan lymphocryptovirus, Roseolovirus, Muromegalovirus, Simian varicella virus, Gammaherpesvirinae, Herpesvirales, Bovine herpesvirus 5. Excerpt: Herpes simplex (Ancient Greek: , lit. "creeping") is a viral disease caused by both Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2). Infection with the herpes virus is categorized into one of several distinct disorders based on the site of infection. Oral herpes, the visible symptoms of which are colloquially called cold sores or fever blisters, infects the face and mouth. Oral herpes is the most common form of infection. Genital herpes, known simply as herpes, is the second most common form of herpes. Other disorders such as herpetic whitlow, herpes gladiatorum, ocular herpes (keratitis), cerebral herpes infection encephalitis, Mollaret's meningitis, neonatal herpes, and possibly Bell's palsy are all caused by herpes simplex viruses. Herpes viruses cycle between periods of active disease-presenting as blisters containing infectious virus particles-that last 2-21 days, followed by a remission period. Genital herpes, however, is often asymptomatic, though viral shedding may still occur. After initial infection, the viruses are transported along sensory nerves to the sensory nerve cell bodies, where they become latent and reside life-long. Causes of recurrence are uncertain, though some potential triggers have been identified, including immunosuppressant drugs (see below). The previously latent virus then multiplies new virus particles in the nerve cell and these are transported along the axon of each neuron to the nerve terminals in the skin, where they are released. Over time, episodes of active disease reduce in frequency and severity. Herpes simplex is most easily transmitted by direct contact with a lesion or the body fluid of an infected individual. Transmission may also occur through skin-to-skin contact during periods of asymptomatic shedding. Barrier protection methods are the most reliable method of preventing transmission of herpes, but they merely reduce rather than eliminate risk. Oral herpes is easily diagnosed if the patient presents with visible