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Anglický jazyk
18-Electron rule
Autor: Frederic P. Miller
The 18-electron rule is a rule of thumb used primarily in transition metal chemistry for characterizing and predicting the stability of metal complexes. Valence shells of a transition metal can accommodate 18 electrons: 2 in each of the five d orbitals (10... Viac o knihe
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O knihe
The 18-electron rule is a rule of thumb used primarily in transition metal chemistry for characterizing and predicting the stability of metal complexes. Valence shells of a transition metal can accommodate 18 electrons: 2 in each of the five d orbitals (10 in total); 2 in each of the three p orbitals (6 in total); and 2 in the s orbital (see Electron counting). In practice, of course, these orbitals cannot directly accept electrons, otherwise one would encounter ions such as Fe10- and Pt8-. However, combination of these atomic orbitals with ligand orbitals gives rise to nine molecular orbitals which are either metal-ligand bonding or non-bonding. (There are also some higher energy anti-bonding orbitals). The complete filling of these nine lowest energy orbitals with electrons, whether those electrons originate from the metal or from any ligands, is the basis of the 18-electron rule. When the metal has 18 electrons, it has then achieved the same electron configuration as the noble gas at the end of the period.
- Vydavateľstvo: OmniScriptum
- Rok vydania: 2026
- Formát: Paperback
- Rozmer: 220 x 150 mm
- Jazyk: Anglický jazyk
- ISBN: 9786130636470
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