Pippinid dynasty

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 114. Chapters: Carolingian dynasty, Nibelungid dynasty, Charlemagne, Charles Martel, Battle of Tours, Treaty of Verdun, Louis the Pious, Hugh Capet, Charles the Bald, Arnulf of Carinthia, Carolingian Empire, Louis the Child, Pepin of Herstal, Charles the Simple, Pepin of Landen, Alcuin, Louis the German, Oaths of Strasbourg, Neustria, Carloman I, Louis IV of France, Mayor of the Palace, Carloman of Bavaria, Carloman II, Lothair I, List of Frankish queens, Palace of Aachen, Charles the Fat, List of Frankish kings, Johannes Scotus Eriugena, Pepin the Short, Louis the Younger, East Francia, Lotharingia, Lothair of France, Judith of Flanders, Louis II of Italy, Government of the Carolingian Empire, West Francia, Lothair II of Lotharingia, Louis the Stammerer, Louis V of France, Pepin II of Aquitaine, Charles the Younger, Louis III of France, Gertrude of Nivelles, Treaty of Meerssen, Pepin of Italy, Saint Bavo, Pepin I of Aquitaine, Zwentibold, Adelaide of Paris, March of Friuli, Emma of Italy, Middle Francia, Richardis, Pepin the Hunchback, Hugh of Champagne, Bernard, Charles of Provence, Gerberga of Saxony, Eadgifu of Wessex, Hemma, Ota, Irmgard of Chiemsee, Ermentrude of Orléans, Judith of Bavaria, Bertrada of Laon, Liutgard of Saxony, Engelberga, Ermengarde of Tours, Matilda of France, Ermengard of Italy, Adalard of Corbie, Adelaide, Countess of Vermandois, Grimoald the Elder, Wala of Corbie, Gisela, daughter of Louis the Pious, Charlemagne to the Mughals, Drogo of Metz, Pippinids, Grimoald the Younger, Theudoald, Nibelungids, Childebert the Adopted, Chlodulf of Metz, Ansegisel, Bernard, son of Charles Martel, Langobardia Major, Drogo of Champagne, Admonitio Generalis, De ordine palatii, Rotrude of Trier, Frederuna, Hugh, son of Charlemagne, Duke of the Franks, Battle of Saucourt-en-Vimeu, Childebrand, De litteris colendis, Gerberge of Lorraine, Ingeltrude. Excerpt: Charlemagne ( ; French pronunciation: ; German: , Latin: , meaning Charles the Great; possibly 742 - 28 January 814) was King of the Franks from 768 and Emperor of the Romans (Imperator Romanorum) from 800 to his death in 814. He expanded the Frankish kingdom into an empire that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy and was crowned by Pope Leo III on 25 December 800. This temporarily made him a rival of the Byzantine Emperor in Constantinople. His rule is also associated with the Carolingian Renaissance, a revival of art, religion, and culture through the medium of the Catholic Church. Through his foreign conquests and internal reforms, Charlemagne helped define both Western Europe and the Middle Ages. He is numbered as Charles I in the regnal lists of Germany, the Holy Roman Empire, and France. The son of King Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon, a Frankish queen, he succeeded his father in 768 and co-ruled with his brother Carloman I. The latter got on badly with Charlemagne, but war was prevented by the sudden death of Carloman in 771. Charlemagne continued the policy of his father towards the papacy and became its protector, removing the Lombards from power in Italy, and leading an incursion into Muslim Spain, to which he was invited by the Muslim governor of Barcelona. Charlemagne was promised several Iberian cities in return for giving military aid to the governor; however, the deal was withdrawn. Subsequently, Charlemagne's retreating army experienced its worst defeat at the hands of the Basques...